In the industrial manufacture of Ammonia one of the raw materials is nitrogen gas

(a) Name one other raw material                              (1mk)

(b) Name two possible sources of the raw material you have named in (a) above  (2mks)

(c) Name two substances that can be used as catalyst in this process             (2mks)

(d) State one use of ammonia                            (1mk)

Few drops of hydrochloric acid were added into a test tube containing lead (II) Nitrate solution

(a) State one observation made               (1mk)

(b) Write an ionic equation of the reaction that occurred in the test tube                   (1mk)

When 20g of a compound containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen was burnt in the air, 29.3g of carbon (IV) oxide and 11.7g of water were produced. Determine its empirical formulae. (C=12, H=1 , O=16)        (3mks)

Using dots (.) and crosses (x) , show bonding in carbon(II) oxide                     (2mks)

A compound can be represented as

(a) What name is given to the above class of compounds                   (1mk)

(b) Name two reagents that can be reacted together to generate the above compound      (2mks)

(c) State two conditions necessary for the reaction leading to formation of the above compound to occur (2mks)

Chlorine is commonly used in the manufacture of Ca (OCl)₂

(i) State one use of the above compound of chlorine                     (1mk)

(ii) Write a chemical equation leading to the production of Ca (OCl)₂ (1mk)

(a) Name two allotropes of sulphur             (2mks)

 (b) In an experiment to investigate a certain property of sulphur, Maina added few drops of conc HNO3 to sulphur in a test tube and warmed the mixture

i) State one observation made                     (1mk)

ii) Write a chemical equation of the reaction that occurred (1mk)

A hydrocarbon can be represented as: C₂H₂

(a) Name the hydrocarbon       (1mk)

(b) State two reagents that can be reacted together to generate the hydrocarbon       (2mks)

(c) Identify the group of hydrocarbons into which C₂H₂ belongs to      (1mk)

The reduction potentials of elements M and N are;

Using the above reduction potentials, predict whether a reaction would occur between N⁺_(aq) and M_(s) (3mks)

(a) Define the term half-life                            (1mk)

(b) Name two particles likely to be emitted when a radioactive nuclide undergoes radioactivity    (2mks)

(c) The half-life of a radioactive nuclide is 3 hours. Given that its initial mass is 288g, determine the remaining mass after 12 hours.                 (2mks)