(a) What is energy crisis?             (2 marks)

(b) State any three effects of energy crisis in Kenya in the recent past.       (3 marks)

(a) State two characteristics of market gardening.                  (2 marks)

(b) Give two reasons why horticulture is more developed in Netherlands than in Kenya.  (2 marks)

(c) Cite two advantages of growing horticultural crops in green houses.          (2 marks)

(a) Define the term agroforestry.                  (2 marks)

(b) State three reasons why agroforestry is being encouraged in Kenya.               (3 marks)

(a) Name three tourist attractions found in the Rift Valley of Kenya.              (3marks)

(b) Give any two measures the Kenyan government has taken to attract more tourists.            (2marks)

(a) State three functions  of the Assembly of the League of Nations.        (3 marks)

(b) Describe six achievements of the League of Nations.        (12 marks)          

(a) Identify three roles of the church in promoting African Nationalism in South Africa.     (3 marks)

(b) Explain six problems encountered by African Nationalists in South Africa.      (12 marks)

(a) State three economic activities of the Baganda during the pre-colonial period.     (3 marks)

(b) Describe the social organization of Asante Kingdom in the eighteenth Century.     (12 marks)

(a) Give five qualifications for one to be assimilated in Senegal.    (5 marks)

(b) Describe five effects of direct rule in Zimbabwe.      (10 marks)

(a) Give five causes of the Maji Maji rebellion of 1905 to 1907 in Tanganyika.     (5 marks)

(b) Explain five reasons why Samori Toure resisted the French for so long.    (10 marks)

(a) Identify  five ways in which iron working spread in Africa.       (5 marks)

(b) Explain five factors that led to emergence of Japan as an industrial power.      (10 marks)