All Questions
You are provided with the following:
- A converging lens on a lens holder.
- A screen fitted with cross-wires labeled O
- A mounted white screen labeled S
- A meter rule
- Two dry cells
- A mounted torch bulb
- Connecting wires and switch
- A retort stand boss and clamp
Proceed as follows;
(a) Find an approximate value of the focal length f of the converging lens supplied.
ƒ=................................................................................mm (1mrk)
Explain briefly how the value of f was obtained (2mrks)
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(b) Arrange the apparatus as shown below
Set up the lens at a distance about 1.2ƒ in front of the illuminated object. Adjust the position of the screen until a clear image is produced on the screen. Measure the distance X from the object to the screen. Record the value of X in table 1 below.
(c) Move the lens nearer the screen until another clear image of the object is obtained. This image will be diminished. Measure the new distance Z between the lens and the screen and record the value in table 1 below.
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Distance from object to lens (mm) |
1.2f = |
1.3f = |
1.4f = |
1.5f = |
1.6f = |
1.7f = |
1.8f = |
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X(mm) |
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z (mm) |
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Y=(X- z) mm |
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(y- z)2 (mm)2 |
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(7mrks)
(d) Repeat the experiment to obtain new values of X, Y, Z by moving the lens at various distances shown in the table above from the object and complete the table.
(e) On the grid provided plot a graph of (X- z)2 (y-axis) against X starting the scale of X at 350mm (5marks)
(f) From the graph find the value of
i) X when (X- z)2=0 (2marks)
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ii) (y - z)2 when X = 5ƒ (2marks)
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(g) Use these values of(X- z)2 and X to calculate the value of ; (1mark)
You are provided with the following:
- A milliameter
- A voltmeter
- A wire mounted on a mm scale
- A switch
- A long wire with a jockey at one end
- A new size D dry cell with a cell holder
- A micrometer screw gauge (may be shared)
- 5 connecting wires , two with crocodile clips at one end
Proceed as follows:
a) Measure the diameter of d the mounted wire at the different points
Average diameter = ……………………………………………… mm (1mk)
b) Set up the apparatus as shown in the circuit diagram in the figure below
c) Close the switch and tap the mounted wire with crocodile clip as shown in the circuit. Ensure that both meters shows positive deflection. Open the switch.
d) Tap the wire at L = 20cm, close the switch, read and record in the table provided the millimeter and voltmeter reading.
e) Repeat the procedure in(c) for other values of L, shown in the table below and complete the table. (8mks)
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L (cm) |
L(m) |
V(volts) |
I |
R =V I |
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mA |
Amp |
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20 |
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30 |
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40 |
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50 |
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60 |
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70 |
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80 |
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i) Plot the graph of R (y-axis) against L(m) (5mks)
ii) Determine the slope of the graph (3mks)
iii) Given that the 
where A is the cross sectional area of the wire and 
is a constant for the material of the wire, determine the value of the constant (3mks)
You are provided with the following:
- A meter rule
- A retort stand, clamp and boss
- A 500ml beaker 3/4 full of water
- A 50g mass Liquid L in a beaker
- 10cm cello tape
- Tissue paper
Proceed as follows:
a) Balance the meter rule horizontally by suspending it from the stand and clamp with one of the thread. Record the balance point G.
G = ………………………………………..cm mark (1mrk)
(For the rest of the experiment the position of the thread through G does not change, use cello tape to fix the position of thread.)
b) Using a 100g mass and a 50g mass, set up the apparatus as shown below. The thread suspending the masses should be looped such that their positions of support can be adjusted.
Move the position of the 100g mass to and fro until the beam balance horizontally.
Note:
Distance X and D are measured from G.
Read and record the values of X and D
X =…………………………………….. cm (1mk)
D =………………………………………cm (1mk)
Work out the weight W1 of the 100g mass
W1 = ………………………………… (1mk)
Apply principle of moments to determine the upthrust Uw in water. (1mrk)
Uw_______________________________
Remove the 100g mass from the water and dry it using the tissue paper, then suspended it
(c) Now balance the metre rule when the 100g mass is fully submerged in liquid L
Record distance X.
X =________________________________cm (1mrk)
Apply principle of moment to work out the upthrust UL in the liquid (1mk)
(d) Determine the relative density r.d of the Liquid L given that (2mks)
Maintaining the 100g mass in liquid L,replace the 50g mass with the other 100g mass and adjust distance D to D =100mm. Adjust distance X until equilibrium is attained and record distance X.
Adjust D to the values indicated in the table below and record corresponding distance X that maintain equilibrium when the 100g mass is fully submerged. Complete the table
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D(mm) |
100 |
150 |
200 |
250 |
300 |
350 |
400 |
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X mm |
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(4mks)
(c) Plot a graph of X (vertical axis) against D on the grid provided (5mks)
(d) Determine the gradient S of the graph (2mks)
You are provided with the following
- A lens and lens holder.
- A candle.
- A screen.
- A metre rule.
Set up the apparatus as shown in figure below.
(a) Starting with U = 30cm, adjust the position of the screen to obtain a sharp image of the candle. Record the value of V in table below.
(b) Repeat the procedure in (a) for U = 20cm. Complete the table. (1mk)
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U (cm) |
V (cm) |
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30 |
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20 |
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(c) Given that the focal length f of the lens satisfies the equation 
determine the average value of the focal length, f. (2mks)
You are provided with the following
- A rectangular glass block.
- Soft board.
- Plain sheets of paper.
- 4 optical pins.
- 4 thumb pins.
You are required to determine the refractive index of the glass block by tracing rays of light
through the block. Place the rectangular glass block on the plain paper (stuck on the soft board)
and trace it round. Remove the block; draw a normal at point O and an incident at 15 degrees
as shown below.
Stick two pins P and Q along the incident ray and replace the glass block while closing one eye,
look through the glass block from the opposite side and insert two other pins S and R exactly in
line with the images of P and Q.
Remove the glass block and join SR to the outline of the block. Hence obtain the refracted ray
inside the glass as shown in diagram above.
With O as the centre, draw a circle of radius 5cm to cut both the incident ray and the refracted
ray at L and M respectively. Using a set square, draw the perpendiculars LN and MN to the
normal.
(a) Measure LN and MN in millimeters and record your values in table below. (5mks)
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Angle of incidence (i) |
LN (mm) |
MN (mm) |
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15 degrees |
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30 degrees |
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45 degrees |
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60 degrees |
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75 degrees |
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Repeat the above steps for angles of incidence of 30°, 45° and 75° degrees.
Complete the table below.
NB: (Insert the plain paper in the question paper).
(b) Plot a graph of LN against MN on the grid provided. (5mks)
(c) Calculate the slope of your graph. (2mks)
(d) (i) Also measure and record the values of the angle of refraction that corresponds
to the given values of the angles of incidence (i). (5mks)
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i |
r |
Sin i |
Sin r |
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15° |
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30° |
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45° |
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60° |
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75° |
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Calculate the ration Sin/Sin r and record in the table above.
(ii) Calculate the average value of Sin i/Sin r (2mks)
You are provided with the following:
- 2 new dry cells size D.
- A cell holder.
- A switch.
- An ammeter (0 - 2.5A) or 0 – 1A)
- A voltmeter (0 – 5V)
- 6 connecting wires, 3 with crocodile clips.
- Nichrome wire mounted on the metre rule labelled X.
- A micrometer screw gauge (to be shared).
Proceed as follows:
(a) Connect the circuit as shown in the figure below.
(b) Measure the voltage, E before closing the switch.
E = __________________________________________________________ (1mk)
(c) Adjust the length L of the wire 0.2m, close the switch S and read the value of current and record in the table below. (2dp) (6mks)
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Length (m) |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
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Current I(A) |
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1/I(A-1) |
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(d) Repeat the procedure in (c) above for the value of lengths given.
(e) Calculate the values of 
and record in the table above.
(f) On the grid provided plot a graph of (y axis) against L. (5mks)
(g) Determine the gradient of the graph. (3mks)
(h) (i) Measure the diameter of the wire in three points used. (1mk)
d1 = ………………………… d2 = ………………………d3 = ……………….………..
Averaged d = ……………………………………………………………………….…..
(ii) Determine the cross section area, A of the wire. (1mk)
(I) From the equation 
; determine
(i) the value of K. (2mks)
(ii) the value of Q. (1mk)
You are provided with the following apparatus
- A metre rule
- A log of plasticine
- Bi convex lens
- A candle
- A lens holder
- Across wire mounted on a cardboard
- A white screen
(a) Determine the focal length of the lens using a distance object.
F = ……………………………………………… (1mk)
(b) Briefly explain the method you have used above. (2mks)
(c) Set up the apparatus as shown
(d) Starting with u=30cm, vary the position of the screen S until a sharp image of the cross wire is observed on the screen. Measure and record the value o the image distance v.
(e) Repeat the experiment above for other values of u , 35cm, 40cm, 50cm, and 55cm
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U (cm) |
30 |
35 |
40 |
45 |
50 |
55 |
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V (cm) |
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M = V/U |
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(f) Plot a graph of M against v (5marks)
(g) Determine the slope of the graph (2mks)
(h) The equation of the graph is given by 
Use the graph to obtain the value of f. (2mks)
You are provided with;
(a) A Marble with a piece of the thread attached.
(b) Two wooden blocks.
(c) Clamp, stand + boss
(d) Metre rule.
(e) ½ metre rule supported on a wooden block.
(f) 2 pieces of cellotape.
(g) Stop watch.
Procedure:
(I) Fix the thread between the wooden blocks and fasten in the clamp. Adjust the thread so that the length, L, shown in the figure below is 50cm.
(II) Fix the metre rule horizontally to the bench using the cellotape provided.
(III) Adjust the clamp so that the marble is next to the end of the metre rule as shown above.
(IV) Displace the marble by a horizontal distance X = 20cm and measure the corresponding vertical displacement
h=____________ cm. (1mark)
(V) Repeat the experiment to find h for each of the following values of X and complete the table.
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X(cm) |
h(cm) |
X2(cm2) |
X2/h(cm) |
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20 |
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25 |
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30 |
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35 |
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40 |
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45 |
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(6mks)
(VI) plot a graph X2/h against h. (3mks)
(give the grid/draw grid)
(VII) Determine the slope of the graph. (2mks)
(VIII) From the graph find the value of X2/h when h=0 (2mks)
(IX) With the metre rule and half-metre removed, Displace the marble through a horizontal distance of about 10cm and let it to swing freely, Time 20 oscillations.
Time for 20 oscillations ______________________ (1mk)
(X) Determine periodic time , T
Periodic time, T=_____________________________ (1 mk)
(XI) Calculate the value of P from the following equations. (g = 10m/s2) (4mks)
You are provided with the following
- candle
- A lens and a lens holder
- A screen
- A metre rule
- A match box (can be shared)
(a) Set up the apparatus as shown below.
Ensure that the candle flame and the centre of the lens lie in a horizontal straight line.
(b) Place the lens so that it is 40cm from the candle (u = 40cm). Adjust the position of the screen until a sharp image of the candle is obtained on the screen. Measure the distance V between the lens and the screen. Record in the table.
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U (cm) |
40 |
45 |
50 |
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V (cm) |
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M = V/U |
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(c) Repeat (b) above the values of V in the table and record your results. (3mks)
(d) (i) Given that 
where f is the focal length of the lens, use the results in the table above to determine the average value of f . (3mks)
You are provided with the following
- A spiral spring
- A retort stand, boss and clamp
- 6 masses of 100g each
- A stop watch
- A vernier calipers
(a) Measure the length and the diameter of the spiral spring provided.
(i) Length _______________________ cm (1mk)
(ii) Diameter _____________________ cm (1mk)
(b) (i) Attach the spiral spring on the stand and clamp as shown in the figure below
(ii) Hang a 100g mass at the lower and of the spiral spring and give the mass a small displacement downwards and then releases it so that it oscillates vertically. Using the stopwatch, time 20 oscillations and record.
Time for 20 oscillations = _____________________s (1mk)
(iii) Calculate the time, T for one oscillation
T = _______________ (1mk)
(iv) Repeat the same procedure using different masses as in the table below. Fill the table.
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Maas, M(kg) |
Time for 20 oscillations (s) |
Periodic time T (s) |
T2(S2) |
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0.1 |
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0.3 |
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0.4 |
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0.5 |
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0.6 |
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(6mks)
(I) On the grid provided plot a graph of T2 against M. (5mks)
(II) Determine the slope of the graph (2mks)
(III) Given that 
and that n = 0.3m/kg. Find the value of g. (3mks)